To convert a notebook to plain text in desktop versions of Mathematica, open the notebook,Ĭhoose File > Save As, and select Plain Text from theĭrop-down menu. This can be useful for making a notebook available to a document indexer, for example. Scriptable using the built-in Wolfram Language functions Export and NotebookImport. Wolfram Notebooks can be converted to many other formats, such as HTML and PDF. Conversions to other formats are also scriptable using the built-in Mathematica, open the notebook, choose File > Save As,Īnd use the drop-down menu to view the various formats available. Since the Wolfram Language interprets newline conventions from all supported platforms the same way, Wolfram Language functions Export and NotebookImport. Transferring notebooks via binary file transfer has no effect on the notebook. The Wolfram Language includes dynamic interactivity features that allow code to be evaluated Since Wolfram Notebooks are ASCII text files, they can be transferred directly via emailĪttachment, via FTP in text mode, or using any application that transfers data in text mode. Systems that advise the user when such an evaluation is about to take place for the first time in a given notebook and allow the user Immediately upon opening a notebook or as sections of the notebook are incrementally loaded. To intervene and prevent any dynamic evaluations in that notebook. Security options are defined in the front end as suboptions of the Notebook Security options. The European bison ( Bison bonasus) or the European wood bison, also known as the wisent ( / ˈ v iː z ə n t/ or / ˈ w iː z ə n t/), the zubr ( / z uː b ə r/), or sometimes colloquially as the European buffalo, is a European species of bison."TrustedPath" and "UntrustedPath" suboptions define paths for notebook files in which dynamic evaluations shouldĪlways be considered trusted or a security risk. It is one of two extant species of bison, alongside the American bison. The European bison is the heaviest wild land animal in Europe, and individuals in the past may have been even larger than their modern-day descendants. During late antiquity and the Middle Ages, bison became extinct in much of Europe and Asia, surviving into the 20th century only in northern-central Europe and the northern Caucasus Mountains. During the early years of the 20th century, bison were hunted to extinction in the wild. The species - now numbering several thousand and returned to the wild by captive breeding programmes - is no longer in immediate danger of extinction, but remains absent from most of its historical range. It is not to be confused with the aurochs ( Bos primigenius), the extinct ancestor of domestic cattle, with which it once co-existed.īesides humans, bison have few predators. In the 19th century, there were scattered reports of wolves, lions, tigers, andīears hunting bison. In the past, especially during the Middle Ages, humans commonly killed bison for their hide and meat. They used their horns to make drinking horns.Įuropean bison were hunted to extinction in the wild in the early 20th century, with the last wild animals of the B. bonasus subspecies being shot in the Białowieża Forest (on today's Belarus–Poland border) in 1921. The last of the Caucasian wisent subspecies ( B. Caucasicus) was shot in the north-western Caucasus in 1927.
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